S/S 2022

Promoting "Shop Local"

Question: How can we facilitate action for shopping local?
case study
USER RESEARCH
INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
Screenshot of a new article titled "The 'Shop Local' message is everywhere, but its tough resisting deals during a pandemic."
News article called "This holiday season, support small businesses and shop local."

Role

  • Conducted Primary and Secondary Research
  • Created the Problem Statement, Research Questions, and Hypotheses
  • Qualitative Analysis
  • Developed Design Guidelines

Team

team member face team member face team member face team member face team member face

Tools

Excel logo
google forms logo
google docs logo

Secondary Research

research questions

established and informed by existing insights 

We conducted secondary research to leverage existing data and insights, helping us understand the current landscape and trends.

Select sources below highlighting key findings:

Screenshot of Sage journals articles.
Snapshot of Canadian Geographic article.
Screenshot of a Forbes article.
Snapshot of an article from the The Guardian.

research questions:
established and informed by existing insights

Take a Peek Below
Question 1
How do perceptions of "community" and "shop local" influence views on "supporting local shopping?"
Question 2
What factors influence a consumer's willingness to support local businesses over larger competitors?
Question 3
How has COVID-19 impacted shopping behaviours and product/service discovery?

Primary Research

We conducted interviews and a diary study to explore shopping habits, motivations, and the gap between values and actions in supporting local businesses.

Interview Study: At A Glance

The goal of the interview study was focused on uncovering consumer cognitive models, their current shopping practices, and the motivations driving their choices. For business owners, the aim was to understand how they defined their business and whether they considered their business integral to their community.

NOTE: Due to challenges in recruiting equal participant groups, our findings are highly influenced by our consumer sample.

16 Consumers

Age: 20-35 years old

Education: Some level of post secondary

Location: Greater Toronto Area

Purchasing Power: Share responsibility or are the primary purchaser for their household

4 business owners

Age: 30s, 40s, 50s, & 60s

Location: Canada & Japan

Business Operations: Early stage, pop-ups, social media, brick-and-mortar shops

Purchasing Power: Share responsibility or are the primary purchaser for their household

The emerging themes from the interview study tended to fall under three main categories: ​
SEMANTICS BEHIND WHAT SUPPORT LOCAL MEANS +
  • Nuances between “shop local” and “support local”
  • Shop local is a spectrum
  • Community:
    • ​Geographic
    • Thematic
VALUES, IDENTITY & ACTION DETERMINING FACTORS +
  • Product/service cost, convenience, manufacturing origin, and degree of interpersonal relationships
  • Intentionality & theoretic concerns:
    • ​Environmentalism
    • Voting with your dollar
ADOPTION CHALLENGES, BARRIERS & BEHAVIOURS +
  • ​Information acquisition/strategies
    • ​Google/Maps, social media, word of mouth, store websites, online reviews & in person inquiry
  • Pandemic-related concerns

Following the themes developed from the interview study, we wanted to gain a deeper understanding of our users’ shopping habits.

We chose a diary study to collect direct behavioural data, aimed to provide more accurate insights into natural consumer behaviour, product/service acquisition processes, end goals, and encountered pain points.

Diary Study: the details

The study aimed to explore the gap between participants’ values and actions in supporting local businesses. It focused on understanding routine shopping behaviours, local purchase intent, and the physical and digital factors influencing purchasing decisions.

The diary study was conducted from February 22, 2022, to March 1, 2022, using Google Forms to collect daily reflections on purchases and considered purchases.

Key areas of interest:
Behaviours
Routine shopping habits and intent to shop locally.
Interactions & Pathways
Steps and interactions involved in shopping for essential and non-essential items.
Influences
Physical and digital factors affecting decisions.
Form Structure

A semi-structured form combining defined response options with short-answer sections, designed for reflecting on daily purchases.

Sample Findings:
Reported in-person interactions
85%
Interactions considered supporting local 
69%
Indication of deliberate intent to shop locally 
55%
Reported being repeat customers
88%
A Venn Diagram was created to illustrate in-person purchase categories along two dimensions:

Vertical Axis: Impulse vs. Intentional purchases.

Horizontal Axis: Essential vs. Luxury items.

This visualization highlights overlaps between these dimensions, providing a clear view of shopping patterns and behaviours.
Working Definitions:
Impulse purchases are considered unplanned.
Intentional purchases involve planning and research.
Essential purchases are considered non-discretionary, like groceries.
Luxury purchases are considered discretionary, such as a snowboarding helmet or a massage.
A Venn Diagram illustration outlining in-person purchase categories along two dimensions:‍

Vertical Axis: Impulse vs. Intentional purchases.‍

Horizontal Axis: Essential vs. Luxury items.
The emerging themes from the diary study tended to fall under three main categories.

Representative quotes ​include:
Desire:
Make finding local products easy
“I find the LCBO makes [finding local products] easy and I feel good about purchasing VQA wines.” (J1)
Influence:
Referrals from social networks
“I walked by this place everyday and was curious about it. Someone told me it was good, so I finally went in and have been going ever since.” (J4)
Motivation:
Good quality and authenticity
“I like to get premium items when possible and local brands fill that role.” (E1)​​

Overall Key Findings

Using the results from both studies, the four key themes identified include:

Theme 1
Convenience often influences local shopping decisions
Theme 2
Consumers shop locally for a variety of reasons
Theme 3
Relationships between business owners and consumers matter
Theme 4
Social media is the new word-of-mouth
These four themes led to the development of the following design guidelines:
Overview: Developed Design Guidelines

INTEGRATE AS SEAMLESSLY AS POSSIBLE INTO CONSUMERS’ EXISTING ROUTINES.

Overview

A successful product has to minimally disrupt consumers’ existing routines and make it easy to find local businesses without feeling like they have to put in extra work.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 1: Convenience remains at the forefront.

What this could potentially look like

  • Location-based push notifications that intervene in the moment of decision making.
  • In-app reservation or ticketing system to reduce the need to switch to external apps.

LET LOCAL BUSINESSES SPEAK FOR THEMSELVES.

Overview

A successful product would need to capitalize on the interpersonal relationship between local businesses and consumers, as this connection increases the likelihood of consumer support.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 3: Relationships between business owners and consumers matter.

What this could potentially look like

  • Give businesses control over how information is displayed.
  • Allow consumers to directly engage with businesses through the product.

BE AS SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE WHEN DESCRIBING BUSINESSES.

Overview

Consumers have a wide range of reasons for “supporting local” and different definitions of “local business,” as a consequent. Being more specific allows consumers to make informed decisions that align with their specific beliefs.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 2: Consumers decide to shop locally for a variety of different reasons.

What this could potentially look like

Establish a more specific tagging system where businesses are categorized with labels like “Canadian Owned,” "BIPoC-owned," or "LGBT-friendly" rather than just “Local Business”.

WORK WITH, NOT AGAINST, EXISTING SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS.

Justification

By working with, rather than against, existing platforms that consumers already use, the product can leverage the familiarity and trust that these apps already established with consumers. Moreover, cross-platform integration ensures that consumers' existing routines are minimally disrupted.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 1: Convenience remains at the forefront.

Theme 4: Social Media is the new word-of-mouth and is critical to discovery of new businesses.

What this could potentially look like

  • Integrate with TikTok using their log-in kit to allow users to cross-upload their TikToks.
  • Allow businesses to embed their Instagram feeds to ensure updated information is always available.
Overview

A successful product has to minimally disrupt consumers’ existing routines and make it easy to find local businesses without feeling like they have to put in extra work.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 1: Convenience remains at the forefront.

What this could potentially look like

  • Location-based push notifications that intervene in the moment of decision making.
  • In-app reservation or ticketing system to reduce the need to switch to external apps.
Overview

A successful product would need to capitalize on the interpersonal relationship between local businesses and consumers, as this connection increases the likelihood of consumer support.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 3: Relationships between business owners and consumers matter.

What this could potentially look like

  • Give businesses control over how information is displayed.
  • Allow consumers to directly engage with businesses through the product.
Overview

Consumers have a wide range of reasons for “supporting local” and different definitions of “local business,” as a consequent. Being more specific allows consumers to make informed decisions that align with their specific beliefs.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 2: Consumers decide to shop locally for a variety of different reasons.

What this could potentially look like

Establish a more specific tagging system where businesses are categorized with labels like “Canadian Owned,” "BIPoC-owned," or "LGBT-friendly" rather than just “Local Business”.

Justification

By working with, rather than against, existing platforms that consumers already use, the product can leverage the familiarity and trust that these apps already established with consumers. Moreover, cross-platform integration ensures that consumers' existing routines are minimally disrupted.

Key theme(s) addressed

Theme 1: Convenience remains at the forefront.

Theme 4: Social Media is the new word-of-mouth and is critical to discovery of new businesses.

What this could potentially look like

  • Integrate with TikTok using their log-in kit to allow users to cross-upload their TikToks.
  • Allow businesses to embed their Instagram feeds to ensure updated information is always available.

Lessons learned

We gained valuable insights from our data collection efforts in interviews and diary studies. We observed occasional errors in handling Google Forms and inconsistencies in diary entries among participants.

The idea of "community" really affects how people shop, but it's limited by things like cost, convenience, and whether they're buying something essential or just for fun.

The pandemic has accelerated the shift to online shopping, prompting individuals to reconsider the significance of their local community and the broader economy.